7/3/22 What is News
L/o:To explore the nature and the ownership of the news industry
1.News was something that everybody could partake in.
2.The invention of physical news (paper,telegraph,radio) turned news into a business
3.
in the 1960s news papers were fearing the rise of television
but still there 1.4 papers per house.
this has declined ever since
in 2010 there were 0.4 papers per house (some didn't buy any)
in the 1960s people were likely to stick to 1 paper and only have 1 opinion given to them
society now is a lot more fragmented and people are more likely to look at many different sources
2 types of news paper
TABLOid-Also known as popular press
softer news agenda- celebrity stories,interesting events
Less formal language used
pages dominated by headlines and images E.G-The Sun,The mirror
Target a lower class audience
offers news as a form of entertainment
BRoadsheet -the
"boring news topics"-politics,finance,international news
more intellectual language used
Pages are mostly full of text E.G-The telegraph,the Guardian
Targets a higher class audience
offers new as a form of information
The uk has 3 ownership models:
1.'media barons'-owned by 1 wealthy person
2.Trust-money comes from 1 individual but the company is controlled by a trust
3.Cross-media converged conglomerate- global institutions that owns multiple media outlets.
can be owned by media barons
14/3/22 Funding and regulations
Newspapers aren't as profitable as other forms of media
but are a means of obtaining political and influence.
This is why most news paper companies are owned by
an individual so they can push their political agenda.
The guardian and the observer are owned by a trust(Scott trust) so they
keep their editorial independence and so it doesn't get influenced
by someones opinion.
The Political Biases of UK news paper.
The Guardian-left wing(Labour and Lib Dems)
The Mirror-Left wing(Labour)
The Independent-neutral(supposedly)
The Times-Right wing
The telegraph-Right wing
The Sun-Right wing
The Daily express-Right wing
The Daily Mail-Right wing
Newspaper editors tell the public that individuals
don't have influence on the views of the paper.
Rupert Murdock had strong views on the european union
but his news papers all had different takes on the story this shows that he doesn't
have direct control over the news. but he does choose the editors which gives his a lot
indirect power.
Politions have been known to meet and talk to Murdock before elections presumably
to ask him to sway his media in their favour. Once such person who did this was Tony Blair.
How Newspapers make Money.
Sales-Other things besides newspapers
Advertising
Paywalls & membership
Events & other sales
Sponsored Content-Brands paying to be mentioned or supplying content on papers.
Circulation-subscription services(memberships) and over the counter sales.
When they first came about in the 1960s newspapers only relied
on sales and advertising.
Tabloids had higher Circulation but no advertising because it was less appealing to the working man
Broad sheets had lower Circulation but had advertisements
Free Press-When news outlets aren't controlled by the government
When "the news of the world" hacked voice mails from a young murder victim
the Levison inquiry started and the result was IPSO the self regulatory body.
The Rival regulator to IPSO is called Impress
The Guardian and the Observer are both self regulated
21/3/22 NEWS PAPER CASE STUDY
L/O:To investigate the guardian and the observer
1) It's harder to regulate social media because the internet has no 1 regulator and because there
is so much content on the internet that it would be impossible to regulate it all.
THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT THE GUARDIAN AND OBSERV
The guardian is owned by the Scott Trust
They have a Liberal left political standing
They are self-regulating
They make money through sales of papers,subscriptions,donations,events
Most online papers have a paywall the Guardian does not it has voluntary donation system
The Guardian audience is comprised of stereotypically 35+ years old,equal split of male and
female readers,upper middle class(ABC1), educated and interested in culture, left wing
and progressive
Convergence-When 2 forms of media come together and form into one e.g online news papers
This applies to the observer as they have put their news papers online.
This benefits them because more people can access their content
4/4/22 Media Language
L/O: to investigate how print & online newspapers use
media language to create meaning
Advantages of online news papers:
more assessable
cheaper for the news paper company
free
can be more interesting
The Guardian print and the Guardian online are very similar. most of the time
they will have the same stories but use different images and headlines. This is so people
who have already bought the paper still click on the article thinking it will be something different.
The Guardian uses a serif font.this Because it makes them seem more proper and reliable
L/O:To investigate print & online newspapers use media
language to create meaning
Design: The observer cover uses red, yellow and light blue in it's skybox
these colours make the cover look more vibrant and help to separate the
fun and interesting parts of the cover from the political articles.
The skybox it's self show the reader that there is more to the newspaper
then just politics and it does feature some fun stories.
The Masthead uses a serif font, serif connotes formality and that they take themselves
seriously this makes you think that they are reputable source of information.
The newspapers name "the observer" invokes someone who watches from a far
and doesn't involved. This can make one think that the news given by the observer is neutral
9/5/22 historical case studies
circulation of newspapers have gone down since the 1960s but they
were still popular with there being at least 2 sunday papers per household.
be give to each.
Broadsheets were big and mainly focused on news an had predominately
text, very formal
Tabloid were small and had many stories on there cover and had more
images.
1960s observer quotes
1."lawyers will urge divorce by consent"
This headline shows a move towards gender equalaity as divorce
was becoming easier for them
2."wilson-brown market clash".
3."so polite, this North sea spy game","America accused of spy frame up"
Shows the affect of war on the public
4."jackie:"we're very happy""
5."unions postpone strike"
Shows the growing power of unions and the working class
6."briton shoots a gold"
7."Stephen Pollock...with Elizabeth vambe,21,a Rhodesian-born african"
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